The influence of these ideologies has alternately earned him devoted followers and vicious enemies. Ellul converted to Christianity at age 22. However, he was no friendlier in his assessment of those of the Right, either he fashioned an explicitly anti-political stance as an alternative to both (see below).Įllul was best friends with Bernard Charbonneau, who wrote on similar themes.Įllul studied Karl Marx and became a prolific exegete of his theories. He was also prominent in the worldwide Ecumenical movement, although he later became sharply critical of the movement for what he felt were indiscriminate endorsements of political establishments, primarily of the Left. For his efforts to save Jews he was awarded the title Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem in 1981. In World War II, he was a leader in the French resistance. Ellul was born in Bordeaux, France, and was educated at the universities of Bordeaux and Paris.
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